(August 15, 2017 to June 30, 2018) Drug-related Deaths 4, 279 cases Philippine National Police 5, 021 cases Ateneo School of Government (July 1, 2016 to May 21, 2018) (May 10, 2016 to September 29, 2017) 58 Philippine Human Rights Information Center (PhilRights) (August 15, 2017 to June 30, 2018) Alleged extrajudicial killings 22, 983 cases Source: Philippine Star and ABS-CBN as cited in Ateneo School of Government, 2018; Ateneo School of Government data set; PhilRights The main source of data of ASOG includes media reports and data from groups monitoring the killings. The following criteria were followed during the collection of data: • • • • • A person was killed by violent means such as gunshot; The report or source mentions that the victim is alleged to have had a history of drug abuse; The report or source mentions victim as someone who was linked to drugs as a pusher or dealer; The report or source mentions that the victim was on the drug watch list, or had a drug-related filed against him/her; The report or source states that the death is linked to, or is a result of, the government’s antidrug campaign. Based on the data by the ASOG and PhilRights, “the vast majority of [the] victims were males (94%) between the ages of 20 and 50. Almost all victims died of gunshot wounds, regardless of whether they were killed during drug operations or by unidentified assailants.” The majority were low-paying with earnings around Php 301.53, which is below the minimum wage, and have low-skilled work… [such as] tricycle drivers, construction workers or carpenters, vendors, jeepney barkers or dispatchers, farmers, habal habal and pedicab drivers and garbage collectors…” (Ateneo School of Government (a), 2018; Philippine Human Rights Information Center, 2018). The documentation of the Philippine Human Rights Information Center (PhilRights) abides by The Minnesota Protocol of 2016. Under the Protocol, “potentially unlawful death” may be (a). acts of commission and omission of the State, its organs or agents, (b). the death occurred when a person was detained by or was in the custody of the State, its organs or agents, and (c). the death occurred where the State may have failed to meet its obligations to protect life (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2017). They documented killings in Metro Manila (Caloocan, Manila, Quezon City, Navotas and Malabon), Bulacan and Rizal. They have also observed an uneven distribution of death among barangays, with Brgy. 176 or Bagong Silang in Caloocan City registering the highest number of documented cases. Panaghoy: The Philippine War on Drugs from the Perspective of Women March 2019 5