“We are seeking cost-effective ways to manage GHG emissions and see potential business opportunities in developing such solutions. We seek to contribute to reducing global GHG emissions in a number of ways: • supplying more natural gas to replace coal for power generation; • progressing carbon capture and storage (CCS); • implementing energy-efficiency measures in our operations where reasonably practicable; • developing new fuels for transport such as advanced biofuels and hydrogen; • participating throughout the power value chain with a focus on natural gas and renewable electricity; and • working with nature-based solutions. To support this, we continue to advocate the introduction of effective governmentled carbon pricing mechanisms.”249 “Governments took a great stride forward in 2015, when they reached agreement in Paris to tackle climate change by limiting the rise in global average temperatures this century to well below two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels. We fully support this goal. But there are tough challenges ahead that society will need to address because the transition to a lower-carbon energy system will require enormous levels of investment, and profound changes in consumer behaviour. For Shell, it could mean significant changes in the long term. We will learn, and adapt our approach over time.”250 “Sky results in a balance of net-zero global emissions by 2070 and meets the goal of the Paris Agreement, to hold the increase in the global average temperature this century to well below two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels. If very large-scale reforestation of an area the size of Brazil is added to the scenario storyline, it would result in limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. By adopting a modelling approach that is grounded in the current reality of the energy system and combined with a specific long-term goal, Sky is intended to be both an ambitious scenario and a realistic tool to inform dialogue. In October, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its report on the impact of 1.5 degrees Celsius warming and referenced Sky. The IPCC report finds that limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius would require ‘rapid and far-reaching’ transitions in land use, energy, industry, buildings, transport and cities.”251 Id., p. 73. Royal Dutch Shell, Delivering Energy in a Responsible Way: Sustainability Report 2018, p. 44, available at https://reports.shell.com/sustainability-report/2018 (last accessed on 12 September 2019). 251 Id., p. 45. 249 250 Annex D: Corporate Statements on Climate Change and Human Rights | 66