4/16/2021
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recourse to this Court was made. As a general rule, this petition should have been
dismissed outright for failure to comply with a condition precedent in order that this
petition for certiorari shall lie. The filing of a motion for reconsideration before resort to
certiorari will lie is intended to afford the public respondent an opportunity to correct
any actual or fancied error attributed to it by way of re-examination of the legal and
factual aspects of the case.[12] However, this rule is subject to certain recognized
exceptions.[13] Upon careful consideration of the case at bar, we find that this case falls
under one of those recognized exceptions, namely, that the assailed order is a patent
nullity, as will be shown later.
Anent the first issue, petitioner contends that public respondent NLRC acted with grave
abuse of discretion when it considered petitioner's complaint-affidavit as mere hearsay
evidence since the petitioner was not cross-examined. Petitioner argues that private
respondent I.T. waived its right to cross-examine him when both parties agreed to
submit their case for decision before the POEA Adjudication Officer on the basis of each
parties' respective position papers, affidavits and other evidence extant on the record
below.
Petitioner's argument is well-taken. It must be stressed that labor laws mandate the
speedy disposition of cases, with the least attention to technicalities but without
sacrificing the fundamental requisites of due process. In this light, the NLRC, like the
labor arbiter, (in the case at bar, the POEA Adjudication Officer) is authorized to decide
cases based on the position papers and other documents submitted, without resorting
to technical rules of evidence.[14] We quote, with approval, the following observations
of the Solicitor General:
"We are constrained to disagree with the ruling of the NLRC.
In the recently decided case of Rabago et. al. vs. NLRC and Philippine
Tuberculosis Society, Inc., G.R. No. 82868, August 5, 1991, pp. 8-9, this
Honorable Court held:
'We have said often enough that the findings of fact of quasi-judicial
agencies which have acquired expertise on the specific matters entrusted to
their jurisdiction are accorded by this Court not only respect but finality if
they are supported by substantial evidence (Omar K. Al-Esayi and Company,
Ltd. Vs. Flores, 183 SCRA 458; Chua vs. NLRC, 182 SCRA 353; Pagkakaisa
ng mga Manggagawa vs. Ferrer-Calleja, 181 SCRA 119).'
`x x x The argument that the affidavit is hearsay because the affiants were
not presented for cross-examination is not persuasive because the rules of
evidence are not strictly observed in proceedings before administrative
bodies like the NLRC, where decisions may be reached on the basis of
position papers only. It is also worth noting that ABC has not presented any
evidence of its own to disprove the complainant's claim. As the Solicitor
General correctly points out, it would have been so easy to submit the
complainant's employment records which were in the custody of ABC, to
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