their representatives regarding policies that affect them. To apply the provision, governments shall, among other directives under this article, “consult the peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, whenever consideration is being given to legislative or administrative measures which may affect them directly.” “During the Dutch colonial period, inidgenous peoples’ rights in Indonesia were actually recognized.” the difference in rights recognition, in seeing themselves, and in the way of obtaining respect. Then there is Article 7 that states that indigenous peoples “shall have the right to decide their own priorities for the process of development as it affects their lives, beliefs, institutions and spiritual well-being and the lands they occupy or otherwise use, and to exercise control, to the extent possible, over their own economic, social and cultural development.” The UN Declaration includes 24 preamble paragraphs and 46 articles that mention and explain international human rights of indigenous peoples. Some are vital in relation to land tenure, area and resources; that indigenous people should not be detached from their land and area; and that the State should provide legal recognition and protection over IPs’ land, area and resources. Also essential is Article 8 which stipulates that “in applying national laws and regulations to the peoples concerned, due regard shall be had to their customs or customary laws.” The recognition must be implemented with full respect to custom, tradition and land tenure of the indigenous people. Also that indigenous people and each individual own the right not to be a victim of culture annihilation and destruction. UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) UNDRIP is an international human rights instrument that set the minimum standard to guarantee indigenous peoples’ collective rights. In 2007, the UN General Assembly adopted the Declaration and, in the same year, Indonesia ratified the UNDRIP as well. The adoption was the result of years of discussion and negotiation between the government and indigenous people. The declaration emphasized that indigenous people are equal with other people, despite The Declaration is not a legally binding instrument, but it emphasizes the rights in international human rights agreements. Most UN member countries agreed to the content of the Declaration. Thus, the people of a state can employ the Declaration to request the government to fulfill its obligation in recognizing and protecting indigenous peoples’ rights as stated in the articles. National laws, policies, programs, structures, and mechanisms During the Dutch colonial period, indigenous peoples’ rights in Indonesia were actually recognized. In 1829, Article 11 of the Algemeene Lok Niti 63