Madrasah - an Arabic term for school which is operationally defined as an educational institution which is community-based and operated privately whereby the medium of instruction is the Arabic language with Islamic studies and Arabic literacy as the core emphasis. Madrasah , Developmental or Formal – a type of Madrasah that offers hierarchically structured education and sequential learning generally attuned with the formal education system. Madrasah, Integrated or Pilot – a type of Madrasah that offers a complete basic unified instructional programs such as Arabic Language, Islamic Values education, Islamic Studies, and the core learning areas of the Restructured Basic Education Curriculum. Madrasah, Traditional or Weekend – a type of Madrasah wherein the instruction is basically religious. It is considered as non-formal education due to its characteristics: (a) classes are held on Saturdays and Sundays or days agreed upon by the teacher and students/pupils; (b) it does not have a formal curriculum; (c) it is non-graded and may have multi-age grouping; and (d) it requires only a simple qualification for its teachers such as being graduates of a Madrasah or an Imam (Muslim religious leader). Mean years of schooling per person aged 5 and over – average number of years that a person spends in education. In general, the education level is directly proportional to number of schooling years, therefore, this indicator like literacy rate, can be used for analyzing the education level of the population. Muflihun – a philosophy of total development of man (Tazkiyah) through the pursuit of acquisition of Divine and revealed knowledge (under the principle of Tawhid-oneness of God) and the study of physical and natural sciences (Rubbiyyah) to actualize his role as vicegerent of God on earth (Khalifa of God on earth) and thereby contributes fully to the development of his society in order to achieve well-being in this world and in the hereafter (Hassanah fid-dunya and hassanah fi‟l-akhira). Multi Grade Class – a class consisting of different curriculum grades handled by one teacher. Ramadhan - the ninth month of the Muslim hijrah calendar designed to maintain a balance between material and spiritual aspects of human life, during which strict fasting is observed from dawn to sunset and minimize the pure mundane activities in order to accelerate spiritual progress and repair spiritual loss. Repeaters – pupils/students who failed or left a particular grade/year level during a given school year, or pupils/students who are enrolled in the same grade/year for a second (or more) time. School – an educational institution, public and private undertaking educational operation with a specific age-group of pupils or students pursuing defined studies at defined level receiving instruction from teachers, usually located in a building or a group of buildings in a particular physical or cyber site. 66