ANNEX
D:
UPDATED
DETAILS
OF
CARBON
MAJORS
PUBLICATIONS
In
the
first
iteration
of
his
research,
Mr.
Heede
found
that
90
Carbon
Major
Entities
are
responsible
for
an
estimated
914
billion
tonnes
of
CO2-‐equivalent
(GtCO2e)
of
cumulative
world
emissions
of
industrial
CO2
and
methane
between
1854
and
2010.
These
entities
cumulatively
produced
985
billion
barrels
(bbl)
of
crude
oil
and
Natural
Gas
Liquids
(NGLs)
(79
billion
bbl
were
used
for
non-‐energy
products),
2,248
trillion
cubic
feet
(Tcf)
of
natural
gas,
and
163
billion
tonnes
of
various
ranks
of
coal.1
This
is
equivalent
to
63%
of
estimated
global
industrial
emissions
of
CO2
and
methane
from
fossil
fuel
combustion,
flaring,
venting,
fugitive
or
vented
methane,
own
fuel
use,
and
cement
between
1751
and
2010. 2
This
research
has
undergone
an
update
since
then,
which
is
included
below
in
table
3.
Table
1:
Numbers
by
source
for
all
CMEs3
Source
Total
GtCO2e
linked
to
CMEs
Global4
1751-‐2010
GtCO2e
%
of
global
(of
100%)
from
CMEs
%
of
total
Carbon
producers
Oil&NGLs
365.7
472.0
77.5
40
Coal
329.6
642.5
51.3
36.05
Natural
Gas
120.1
176.1
68.2
13.14
Cement
13.2
32.5
40.6
1.45
Flaring
6.0
12.6
47.9
0.66
Vented
CO2
4.8
Not
applicable
Not
applicable
0.53
Own
fuel
use
7.1
Not
applicable
Not
applicable
0.78
Fugitive
Methane
67.6
114.6
59.0
7.40
Sum
914.3
1,450.3
63%
100%
1
Heede,
R.
Carbon
Majors:
Accounting
for
Carbon
and
Methane
Emissions
1854-‐2010,
Methods
and
Results
Report,
Climate
Mitigation
Services,
April,
2014.
p.18.
available
at:
http://climateaccountability.org/pdf/MRR%209.1%20Apr14R.pdf
2
Heede,
Richard.
Carbon
Majors:
Accounting
for
Carbon
and
Methane
Emissions
1854-‐2010,
Methods
and
Results
Report,
Climate
Mitigation
Services,
April,
2014.
available
at:
http://climateaccountability.org/pdf/MRR%209.1%20Apr14R.pdf
3
Table
based
on
research
results
from
Heede,
R.
Carbon
Majors:
Accounting
for
Carbon
and
Methane
Emissions
1854-‐2010,
Methods
and
Results
Report,
Climate
Mitigation
Services,
April,
2014.
p.17.
available
at:
http://climateaccountability.org/pdf/MRR%209.1%20Apr14R.pdf
4
Global
CO2
combustion
data
from
CDIAC,
methane
from
Stern&Kaufmann
and
European
Commission
JRC
data