21 Engagement with local stakeholders will often enable a business enterprise to better understand the context in which it operates. An enterprise’s sector determines many of the activities it engages in, some of which may carry particular human rights risks. For example, agribusiness enterprises often invest in land for new agricultural activities. This land may be inhabited or used by communities for their livelihoods, whether or not they are recognized as having legal title. This creates a particular risk for the right of the individuals concerned to an adequate standard of living. An information and communications technology company may be at particular risk of impacting the rights to privacy and/or information of its users as a result of data sharing or censorship. Enterprises in sectors that routinely work with toxic products, such as chemical companies, many manufacturing companies, as well as mining companies, may pose a particular risk to the right to safe water. (These are mere illustrations. Other rights may also be at risk in these sectors.) An enterprise’s operational context can also make a significant difference. If labour laws are poorly implemented and enforced by the State authorities, then working with suppliers from that region will carry a higher risk of becoming involved in labour rights abuses. If the area is affected by, or prone to, conflict, there may be particular risks with regard to security, the right to life and ethnic discrimination. If the region suffers from water scarcity, then the risk of adverse impact on the right to safe water will be high. If the affected communities include indigenous peoples, then their rights, including their cultural rights, may be at particular risk. These factors of sector and operational context are therefore especially relevant, or salient, in determining which human rights are at greatest risk from a particular enterprise’s operations. As stressed above, this does not mean they should become its exclusive focus. But they will likely need to be the subject of the most systematized and regular attention. Q 16. How is an enterprise’s ownership relevant to its responsibility to respect human rights? All enterprises have the same responsibility to respect human rights regardless of ownership. It applies whether they are publicly listed, privately owned, State-owned, joint ventures or have some other, or hybrid, form of ownership.

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