6/7/2020 E-Library - Information At Your Fingertips: Printer Friendly [2] 716 Phil. 19 (2013). [3] Id. at 28-29. [4] Castrodes v. Cubelo, 173 Phil. 86 (1978). [5] Id. at 91. [6] Cooperative Rural Bank of Davao City. Inc., v. Ferrer-Calleja, 248 Phil. 169 (1988). [7] Regulus Development, Inc. v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 198172, 25 January 2016, 781 SCRA 607, 619. [8] Otherwise known as Consolidated Rules and Regulations Governing the Issuances and Implementing of Hold Departure Orders, Watchlist Orders and Allow Departure Orders. [9] DOJ Circular No. 041-10 was published in The Philippine Star on 17 June 2010. Under Art. 2 of the Civil Code, as interpreted by the Court in Tañada v. Tuvera, 230 Phil. 528, 533-534 (1986), DOJ Circular No. 041-10 shall take effect after 15 days from the date of its publication. [10] Dr. Cruz v. Judge Iturralde, 450 Phil. 77, 86 (2003); Hold-Departure Order issued by Judge Occiano, 431 Phil. 408, 411-412 (2002); Silverio v. Court of Appeals, 273 Phil. 128, 134-135 (1991). [11] See Arnault v. Nazareno, 87 Phil. 29, 45 (1950). See also my dissenting opinion in Leave Division, Office of Administrative Services-OCA v. Heusdens, 678 Phil. 328, 355 (2011). [12] See Belgica v. Ochoa, 721 Phil. 416, 546 (2013). [13] 392 Phil. 518 (2000). [14] Id. at 529-530. [15] 554 Phil. 609 (2007). [16] Id. at 625-626. [17] 412 Phil. 308 (2001). [18] Id. at 331-332. [19] Consolidated Comment, p. 36. elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/64165 55/70