1
(c)
Ancestral Lands - lands occupied, possessed and utilized by
2
individuals, families and clans who are members of the ICCs/IPs since time
3
immemorial, by themselves or through their predecessors-in-interest, under
4
claims of individual or traditional group ownership, continuously, to the
5
present except when interrupted by war, force majeure or displacement by
6
force, deceit, stealth, or as a consequence o f government projects and
7
other voluntary
8
individuals/corporations, including, but not limited to, residential lots, rice
9
terraces or paddies, private forests, swidden farms and tree lots;
10
(d)
dealings entered
into
Assisting organization -
an
by government and
organization
known
private
to
the
11
community and with a good track record of respect for customary laws and
12
self-determination intending to support ICCs/IPs in the documentation of
13
their ICCAs. This may include non-government organizations (NGOs), the
14
academe, church-based organizations and other similar civic organizations;
15
(e)
Biological Diversity o r Biodiversity -
the variability among
16
organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic
17
ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. This
18
includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems;
19
(f)
Ecosystem services -
the
benefits
people
obtain
from
20
ecosystems, which include: (a) provisioning services such as food, water,
21
timber, and fiber; (b) regulating services that affect climate, floods, disease,
22
wastes, and water quality; (c) cultural services that provide recreational,
23
aesthetic, and spiritual benefits; (d) supporting services such as soil
24
formation, photosynthesis, and nutrient cycling;
25
(g)
Environmental Im pact Assessment (EIA) - the process that
26
involves evaluating and predicting the likely impacts of a project (including
27
cumulative
28
commissioning, operation and abandonment. It also includes designing
29
appropriate preventive, mitigating and enhancement measures addressing
30
these consequences to protect the environment and the community's
31
welfare.
32
(h)
impacts)
on
the
environment
during
construction,
Free and Prior Inform ed Consent (EPIC) —the consensus of all
33
members of the ICCS/IPs to be determined in accordance with their
34
respective
35
manipulation, interference and coercion, and obtained after fully disclosing
customary
laws
and
practices,
free
from
any
external