Decision
- 28 -
G.R. No. 227363
instances where a "lascivious conduct" committed against a child is covered
by R.A. No. 7610 and the act is likewise covered by sexual assault under
paragraph 2, Article 266-A of the RPC [punishable by prision mayor], the
offender should be held liable for violation of Section 5(b) ofR.A. No. 7610
[punishable by reclusion temporal medium], consistent with the declared
policy of the State to provide special protection to children from all forms of
abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation and discrimination, and other conditions
prejudicial to their development. But when the offended party is below 12
years of age or is demented, the accused should be prosecuted and penalized
under paragraph 2, Article 266-A of the RPC in relation to Section 5(b) of
R.A. No. 7610, because the crime of sexual assault is considered statutory,
whereby the evidence of force or intimidation is immaterial.
Assuming that the elements of both violations of Section 5(b) of R.A.
No. 7610 and of Article 266-A, paragraph l(a) of the RPC are mistakenly
alleged in the same Information - e.g., carnal knowledge or sexual
intercourse was due to "force or intimidation" with the added phrase of "due
to coercion or influence," one of the elements of Section 5(b) of R.A. No.
7610; or in many instances wrongfully designate the crime in the
Information as violation of "Article 266-A, paragraph 1(a) in relation to
Section 5(b) of R.A. No. 761 O," although this may be a ground for quashal
of the Information under Section 3(f) 71 of Rule 117 of the Rules of Court and proven during the trial in a case where the victim who is 12 years old or
under 18 did not consent to the sexual intercourse, the accused should still
be prosecuted pursuant to the RPC, as amended by R.A. No. 8353, which is
the more recent and special penal legislation that is not only consistent, but
also strengthens the policies of R.A. No. 7610. Indeed, while R.A. No. 7610
is a special law specifically enacted to provide special protection to children
from all forms of abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation and discrimination and
other conditions prejudicial to their development, We hold that it is contrary
to the legislative intent of the same law if the lesser penalty (reclusion
temporal medium to reclusion perpetua) under Section 5(b) thereof would
be imposed against the perpetrator of sexual intercourse with a child 12
years of age or below 18.
Article 266-A, paragraph l(a) in relation to Article 266-B of the RPC,
as amended by R.A. No. 8353, is not only the more recent law, but also
deals more particularly with all rape cases, hence, its short title "The AntiRape Law of 1997." R.A. No. 8353 upholds the policies and principles of
R.A. No. 7610, and provides a "stronger deterrence and special protection
against child abuse," as it imposes a more severe penalty of reclusion
71
Section 3. Ground~. - The accused may move to quash the complaint or information on any of the
followin: ~~u~ds:
(f) That ?1ore th~n one offense is charged except when a single punishment for various
offenses IS prescnbed by law;
~
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