[30] Ibid., pp. 56-59. [31] Civil Code, Art. 1797; Moran, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, 218 Phil. 105, 112 (1984). [32] Civil Code, Art. 1799; Evangelista & Co. v. Abad Santos, 151-A Phil. 853, 860 (1973). [33] Exh. 5. [34] Exh. 5-A. [35] TSN, November 12, 1991, p. 42. [36] Petition, p. 10; Rollo, p. 18. [37] 296 SCRA 194, 206 (1998). [38] TSN, June 14, 1989, pp. 5-6. [39] TSN, November 12, 1991, p. 35. [40] Muasque v. Court of Appeals, 139 SCRA 533, 540 (1985). [41] Ortega v. Court of Appeals, 315 Phil. 573, 580-581 (1995). [42] Ibid., at p. 581. [43] Exh. 7. [44] Singsong v. Isabela Sawmill, 88 SCRA 623 (1979). [45] Air France v. Carrascoso, 124 Phil. 722, 742 (1966). [46] Prudencio v. Alliance Transport System, Inc., 148 SCRA 440, 447 (1987). [47] Ibid.; Philippine Airlines, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 226 SCRA 423, 425 (1993). [48] Civil Code, Art. 2229. [49] Civil Code, Art. 2208 (1) & (5).