Meanwhile there were 11 FLAs issued to organizations since 1973 (BFAR, 2018c). Also, there were already six applications for Mangrove Aquasilviculture Contract (MASC) filed by applicants in BFAR, and four of these were in cancelled or expired FLAs. However, in a forum on abandoned fishponds, BFAR stated no MASC has been approved yet as of June 2018. Table 14. Jurisdictions over coastal areas. Agency Role Legal Provision Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Responsible over the survey and management of alienable and disposable public land, issuance of leases and permits, and over matters of forestry, mining and environmental concerns. Commonwealth Act (CA) 141/ Executive Order (EO) 192 Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Responsible over cases involving construction and development along foreshore areas. CA 141, Section 66 Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) Issues permits regarding construction of piers/ports. Presidential Decree (PD) 857 Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) Issues or cancels Fishpond Lease Agreements. Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 Philippine Estates Authority (PEA) – now known as Philippine Reclamation Authority (PRA) Responsible over activities pertaining to land reclamation. EOs 525 and 654 Local Government Units (LGUs) Regulates the construction and building activities and their uses covered by ordinances. Prepares comprehensive land use plans and zoning ordinances. LGC 57, August 10, 1979 & Republic Act (RA) 7160 Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) Promulgates zoning and land use standards and guidelines governing land use plans and zoning ordinances of LGUs. EOs 648 and 72; and RA 7279 Bantay-Dagat (“sea guardian”) is a community-based law enforcement program that engages fisherfolk in coastal villages on a volunteer basis to support the detection and enforcement of illegal fishing in coastal waters. Bantay-Dagat is mandated under Sec 158 of the amended Fisheries Code (RA 10654) which enables government officials and employees, barangay officers and members of fisherfolk associations who have undergone training on law enforcement to be designated by BFAR as deputy fish wardens in the enforcement of fishery laws, rules and regulations. The National Greening Program (NGP). The NGP is a massive forest rehabilitation program of the government established by virtue of Executive Order No. 26 96 Status of Land and Resource Tenure Reform in the Philippines 2018