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period under Rule 65. It has, thus, been held that the CA's review of the decisions or
resolutions of the NLRC under Rule 65, particularly those which have already been
executed, does not affect their statutory finality, considering that Section 4,[12] Rule XI
of the 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, provides that a petition for certiorari filed with
the CA shall not stay the execution of the assailed decision unless a restraining order is
issued. In Leonis Navigation, it was further written:
The CA, therefore, could grant the petition for certiorari if it finds that the
NLRC, in its assailed decision or resolution, committed grave abuse of
discretion by capriciously, whimsically, or arbitrarily disregarding evidence
that is material to or decisive of the controversy; and it cannot make this
determination without looking into the evidence of the parties. Necessarily,
the appellate court can only evaluate the materiality or significance of the
evidence, which is alleged to have been capriciously, whimsically, or
arbitrarily disregarded by the NLRC, in relation to all other evidence on
record.[13] Notably, if the CA grants the petition and nullifies the decision or
resolution of the NLRC on the ground of grave abuse of discretion amounting
to excess or lack of jurisdiction, the decision or resolution of the NLRC is, in
contemplation of law, null and void ab initio; hence, the decision or
resolution never became final and executory.[14]
Career Philippines not applicable
In Career Philippines, believing that the execution of the LA Decision was imminent
after its petition for injunctive relief was denied, the employer filed before the LA a
pleading embodying a conditional satisfaction of judgment before the CA and,
accordingly, paid the employee the monetary award in the LA decision. In the said
pleading, the employer stated that the conditional satisfaction of the judgment award
was without prejudice to its pending appeal before the CA and that it was being made
only to prevent the imminent execution.[15]
The CA later dismissed the employer's petition for being moot and academic, noting
that the decision of the LA had attained finality with the satisfaction of the judgment
award. This Court affirmed the ruling of the CA, interpreting the "conditional
settlement" to be tantamount to an amicable settlement of the case resulting in the
mootness of the petition for certiorari, considering (i) that the employee could no
longer pursue other claims,[16] and (ii) that the employer could not have been
compelled to immediately pay because it had filed an appeal bond to ensure payment
to the employee.
Stated differently, the Court ruled against the employer because the conditional
satisfaction of judgment signed by the parties was highly prejudicial to the employee.
The agreement stated that the payment of the monetary award was without prejudice
to the right of the employer to file a petition for certiorari and appeal, while the
employee agreed that she would no longer file any complaint or prosecute any suit of
action against the employer after receiving the payment.
elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/55882
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