through more conventional processes. Second, Our Children’s Trust seeks science-based and legally enforceable remedies. Our Children’s Trust supports a global network of youth and lawyers in litigating comprehensive climate change cases seeking systemic climate recovery actions from governments. These cases rely on what leading climate scientists and the best available science indicate is required to preserve a habitable climate system; redress unacceptable impacts to and impairments of human rights; and protect the lives, liberties, and equal protection of young people and future generations. The best available science indicates that the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide must be stabilized below 350 parts per million by 2100, equivalent to limiting the long-term temperature increase to below 1°C above preindustrial levels––a more stringent standard of protection than that contained in existing international agreements. Third, Our Children’s Trust’s legal work is rooted in the fundamental and inalienable human rights of citizens and future generations, including rights under the Public Trust Doctrine, to have vital natural resources protected for their use. In executing its global campaign, Our Children’s Trust has developed a specialized legal expertise in the duty of care that governments around the world owe to their people and to future generations to protect and preserve the stability of the climate system. Our Children’s Trust possesses significant legal expertise in the inherent public trust obligation of sovereign governments and the corresponding rights of citizens that together protect our core interest in survival and survival resources, like air, water, oceans, shorelines, and climate. Our Children’s Trust also holds relevant expertise in the science of climate recovery and works closely with world renowned climate scientists and experts. Plan B Plan B is a charitable incorporated organization (CIO), registered in the UK, and regulated by the UK Charity Commission. Its charitable purposes include to promote human rights (as set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent United Nations conventions and declarations) in so far as they are threatened or adversely affected by the impacts of climate change and other environmental degradation, in particular by: (i) preventing infringements of such rights; (ii) obtaining redress for victims where such rights are infringed; (iii) promoting respect for such rights among individuals, investors, and corporations; and (iv) providing technical advice to governments and others on relevant matters of human rights. Plan B’s principle objective is to support judicial and other processes, which advance accountability for climate change (and consequently enhance the prospects of avoiding ‘looming catastrophe’). Recognising the scientific, legal, and economic complexities that risk obscuring the attribution of responsibility, Plan B, develops analysis and resources to assist lawyers, courts, and others. Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Columbia Law School The Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, located at Columbia Law School, develops legal techniques to fight climate change, trains law students and lawyers in their use, and provides the public with up-to-date resources on key topics in climate law and regulation. The core mission of the Sabin Center is to develop and promulgate legal techniques to address climate change, and to train the next generation of lawyers who will be leaders in the field. The Sabin Center is both a partner to and resource for public interest legal institutions engaged in climate change work. Further, the center addresses a critical need for the systematic development of legal techniques to fight climate change outside of the realm of judicial litigation, and the compilation and 7