Table 9. Characteristics of families in chronic and transient food insecurity by region , FIES 2009 Province Never food insecure Rainfall Transitory food insecure Chronically food insecure Never food insecure Temperature Transitory Chronically food food insecure insecure 13.45% Philippines 86.52% 0.24% 13.24% 86.12% I - Ilocos Region 96.20% 0.00% 3.80% 95.95% II - Cagayan Valley 98.32% 0.11% 1.57% 97.87% III - Central Luzon 98.10% 0.00% 1.90% 97.53% IVA - CALABARZON 94.48% 0.00% 5.52% 94.29% V - Bicol Region 88.69% 0.42% 10.89% 87.85% VI - Western Visayas 91.35% 0.00% 8.65% 90.84% VII - Central Visayas 72.06% 0.61% 27.33% 71.57% VIII - Eastern Visayas 82.49% 0.31% 17.19% 82.18% IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 70.67% 0.27% 29.07% 70.67% X - Northern Mindanao 78.52% 0.29% 21.19% 78.23% XI - Davao 82.18% 0.61% 17.21% 82.06% XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 85.26% 0.00% 14.74% 85.26% CAR 92.73% 0.00% 7.27% 91.45% ARMM 91.26% 0.53% 8.21% 91.05% XII - Caraga 77.51% 0.30% 22.19% 77.36% IVB - MIMAROPA 85.47% 0.25% 14.29% 84.98% Source of basic data: Philippine Statistics Authority – Food and Income Expenditure Survey 0.43% 0.25% 0.56% 0.57% 0.19% 0.84% 0.52% 0.37% 0.52% 3.80% 1.57% 1.90% 5.52% 11.31% 8.65% 28.06% 17.30% 0.00% 0.44% 0.24% 0.00% 1.27% 0.00% 0.45% 0.49% 29.33% 21.34% 17.70% 14.74% 7.27% 8.95% 22.19% 14.53% Characteristics of vulnerable families Differences on the characteristics of families among the never food insecure, transient food insecure and chronically food insecure are also evident as shown in table 10. Families who are chronically food insecure have relatively higher dependence on crop farming and gardening. However, it is worth noting that transitory food insecure families affected by rainfall shock have relatively higher dependence on crop farming and gardening income at about 40 percent. Food insecurity is likely to be experienced by families with younger heads. Table 10 shows that average age of head among never food insecure families is higher than those families who are transitory food insecure and permanently food insecure. Families with higher household size have higher tendency to be food insecure. For instance, transitory food insecure and permanently food insecure families have higher household size as compared to those permanently food secure families. Lower educational attainment of the head of the family is also associated with food insecurity. Dwelling unit with strong materials of walls and roof lessens the tendency of being food insecure. CBMS-FAO | 36