This report is not a comprehensive research on the realization of the right to
social security and all current programs and initiatives of the national and local
government. Being the first CHRP document on the subject, the paper is exploratory
in nature. It is intended to manifest the scoping process on the Philippine experience
to respect, protect and fulfill the right to social security. The report based its findings
and recommendations on the consultations conducted and the review of related
literature.
International Standards on the Right to Social Security
Several international documents and treaties give rise to the importance of
social security in the guarantee of a dignified life for all persons. Article 22 of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) provides that "everyone, as a
member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization,
through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the
organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights
indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality” 12 Article 25
meanwhile guarantees that everyone has “the rights to security in the event of
unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or lack of livelihood in
circumstances beyond his control”13
Article 9 of International Covenant for Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
(ICESCR) adds that along with social security, social insurance must also be
guaranteed. In the guarantee of the right to access these benefits without
discrimination, an internationally accepted minimum standards were agreed upon
which also established the nine principal branches which the social security system
must provide coverage for. Convention 102 of the International Labor Organization
declares these branches as:
12“The Universal Declaration of Human Rights” from http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-humanrights/
13 Ibid. Article 22
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