04/02/2020
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[172] CONSTITUTION, Article X, Sections 15-21.
[173] III Record, Constitutional Commission, 180 (August 11, 1986).
[174] 165 Phil. 303 (1976).
[175] Id. at 412.
[176] Id. at 413.
[177] G.R. No. 174153, October 25, 2006, 505 SCRA 160, 264-265.
[178] CONSTITUTION, Art. VII, Sec. 5.
[179] Article VI, Section 25 (1) of the Constitution states as follows: "The Congress
may not increase the appropriations recommended by the President for the
operation of the Government as specified in the budget. The form, content, and
manner of preparation of the budget shall be prescribed by law."
[180] Prosecutor v. Kallon and Kamara [Case No. SCSL-2004-15-AR72(E), SCSL-
2004-16-AR72(E), March 13, 2004].
[181] 1974 I.C.J. 253, 1974 WL 3 (I.C.J.).
[182] M. Janis and J. Noyes, INTERNATIONAL LAW, CASES AND COMMENTARY, 3rd
ed. 280 (2006).
[183] 1986 I.C.J. 554, 1986 WL 15621 (I.C.J.), December 22, 1986.
[184] Planas v. COMELEC, 151 Phil. 217, 249 (1973).
SEPARATE CONCURRING OPINION
PUNO, C.J.:
It is the duty of the government to seek a just, comprehensive and enduring peace
with any rebel group but the search for peace must always be in accord with the
Constitution. Any search for peace that undercuts the Constitution must be struck
down. Peace in breach of the Constitution is worse than worthless.
I. Historical Roots
A historical perspective of our Muslim problem is helpful.
From time immemorial, an enduring peace with our Muslim brothers and sisters in
Mindanao has eluded our grasp. Our Muslim problem exploded in March of 1968
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