livelihood, including food security”, and by directly providing the right to adequate food “whenever an individual or group is unable, for reasons beyond their control, to enjoy the right to adequate food by the means at their disposal.”240 The CESCR has insisted that one measure of implementation of the right to adequate food includes “the adoption of a national strategy to ensure food and nutrition security for all, based on human rights principles that define the objectives, and the formulation of policies and corresponding benchmarks.”241 With regard to threats to the right to food caused by climate change, the CESCR has stressed that “even where a State faces severe resources constraints, whether caused by a process of economic adjustment, economic recession, climatic conditions or other factors, measures should be undertaken to ensure that the right to adequate food is especially fulfilled for vulnerable population groups and individuals.”242 This strategy “should address critical issues and measures in regard to all aspects of the food system, including the production, processing, distribution, marketing and consumption of safe food, as well as parallel measures in the fields of health, education, employment and social security” and should “ensure the most sustainable management and use of natural and other resources for food at the national, regional, local and household levels.”243 In particular, the CESCR has recommended the adoption of benchmarks and framework legislation, the development of monitoring mechanisms, and the provision of effective judicial and other appropriate remedies.244 In terms of international obligations, the CESCR has insisted that State parties “take steps to respect the enjoyment of the right to food in other countries, to protect that right, to facilitate access to food and to provide the necessary aid when required,” as well as to “ensure that the right to adequate food is given due attention” in international agreements and international law, and to “refrain at all times from food embargoes or similar measures which endanger conditions for food production and access to food in other countries.”245 Moreover, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change underscores the importance of ensuring the availability of food, requiring the stabilization of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere to be achieved within a timeframe sufficient to “ensure that food production is not threatened.”246 Right to Adequate Housing The core obligations that State parties are bound to respect in terms of the right to adequate housing are the obligations to “refrain from forced evictions and ensure that the law is enforced against its agents or third parties who carry out forced evictions”,247 and to facilitate “self-help” by affected groups.248 Specifically, States should refrain from restricting the rights to freely organise and assemble, which are crucial for the assertion of demands by residents and tenants groups. The OHCHR report on climate change and human rights observes that in the context of climate change, States should guarantee: (a) adequate protection of housing from weather hazards (habitability of housing); (b) access to housing away from hazardous zones; (c) access to shelter and disaster preparedness in cases of displacement caused by extreme weather events; 61