Key Bodies and Institutions Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2008). United Nations Human Rights Council; Human Rights Committee; Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; UN Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities; International Criminal Court; Commission on the Status of Women; Committee against Torture; Committee on Elimination of Racial Discrimination; Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women; Committee on the Rights of the Child; Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In addition to human rights instruments of universal application, there are also a number of treaties for the protection of human rights at the regional level, including regional thematic treaties. For example both the European and Inter-American human rights systems have conventions on the prohibition of torture. Much of the content of the rights protected by these regional instruments derives from the international treaties, though each regional treaty has developed its own approach and practices. These treaties therefore hold particular persuasiveness in given region. Frequently, they also contain stronger compliance mechanisms than are found under international human rights treaties. Regional Protection of Human Rights Key Declarations Americas: American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (1948). Asia: ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (2012). Europe: European Charter of Fundamental Rights (2000). Middle East: Arab Charter on Human Rights (2004). Key Treaties20 Americas: American Convention on Human Rights (1969); Protocol of San Salvador on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1988); Statute of the InterAmerican Commission on Human Rights (1980). Africa: African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (1981), African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990), Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (2003), African Youth Charter (2006). Key Bodies Europe: European Convention on Human Rights (1950) & protocols; European Social Charter (1981) & protocols. Americas: Inter-American Commission on Human Rights; Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Africa: African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights. Europe: European Court of Human Rights; European Court of Justice; European Committee of Social Rights. 2.2 The Implementation of International Human Rights Law Human rights treaties require States to take measures to respect, protect, and fulfil the rights established therein, whether through domestic legislation or by other means. Treaties also establish compliance mechanisms, the strength of which depends on the availability of remedies, the accessibility of the mechanisms, and whether their use is compulsory or optional for a State party to the treaty. 10