In addition to these recommendations, the workshop participants representing rural women also called for the ​provision of sustainable livelihood opportunities for rural women​. This will help give them economic empowerment given that the care work that they provide for their families is unpaid. It must be noted, however, that livelihood activities will add responsibilities to rural women. Given that time is finite and knowing the full-range of activities that they already do for their families based on various literature and the “time use” diaries in the group presentations at the workshop, adding livelihood activities can be made more manageable if there is redistribution of care work among family members, specifically of men. In line with their economic empowerment, it should be noted that when more income is put into the hands of women, child nutrition, health and education improves (UN Women Facts and Figures). Thus, redistributing care work at home and allowing rural women to earn either through paid work or livelihood activities can also translate to the improvement in the situation and well-being of children. Chapter 3: Rural Women amidst Disasters and Crisis Situations The Philippines is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Based on the Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2016, “over the last decade, China, the United States, India, Indonesia and the Philippines constitute the top five countries that are most frequently hit by natural disasters” (Guha-Sapir, et al., 2017). Every year, the Philippines is visited by an average of 20 typhoons (Magtulis, 2015). The country is also prone to disasters such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In addition to natural calamities, Filipinos, especially in certain areas of Mindanao, are also affected by other crisis situations due to armed conflict. Disasters affect communities and its members in different ways and scale. The poorest areas suffer more and women, especially those who live in remote rural areas, usually bear the brunt of the effects of disasters. CHALLENGES FACED BY RURAL WOMEN AMIDST DISASTERS AND CRISIS SITUATIONS Rural women are more vulnerable in times of disasters and crisis situations. Care work, a role prescribed to women by the society, becomes even more difficult during disaster and conflict situations when access to resources becomes more limited. Caring for injured and ill family members as a result of said situations adds up to their challenge. Due to the scarcity in resources, there are instances when women are exposed to sexual exploitation and prostitution just to acquire basic needs, such as food, for their families. A woman’s role in her community could even determine the difference between life or death. For example, a 1993 study of the effects of an earthquake in India found that more women died during the disaster because they were inside their homes and consequently crushed by falling debris, while men were working in the fields (Lacson, 2015). These are just some of the challenges that rural women face amidst emergency situations. To dig deeper on the multiple burden that rural women experience, the Commission on Human Rights 22