Second National Communications in China it has been noted that changes in temperature have played a part in the breeding places of the vector snail Oncomelania quadrasi. Experiments in growing degree-days based time series done by a group of scientists in Jiangsu, China showed data that changes in temperature will alter the extent and level of schistosomiasis transmission, which is relevant for the control of S. japonicum in a future warmer China.35 Box 3: PIA Press Release11/07/2007 Authorities warn of dengue outbreak in Surigao City by Fryan E. Abkilan Surigao City (November 7) -- The City Health Office here warned the public of a possible dengue epidemic in the coming weeks after a number of infections in the city continue to rise. Recently, the dreaded dengue disease claimed a three-year old child. City Health Officer Dr. Aldine Morales said, his office had detected a sudden increase from January to September with the average number of dengue cases in the city jumping to about 90 cases this year from 76 of the same period last year. Meanwhile, City Mayor Alfonso Casurra convened the Local Health Board recently and assured the public that the local government is currently doing its best to at least lessen the problem. He also divulged that the city government is currently dispensing enough funds to combat the growing menace. Dengue has now become a major health issue in the city and the local government has stepped up its public awareness campaign and efforts to eradicate mosquito breeding grounds. 4.4 Adaptation strategies Adaptation can be anticipatory (actions taken in advance of climate change) or responsive and can encompass both spontaneous responses to climate variability and change by affected individuals and planned responses by governments or other institutions36. Guo-Jingyang, et. Al.2006.A growing degree-days based time-series analysis for prediction of Schistosoma japonicum transmission in Jiangsu Province, China. Available from http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/abstract/75/3/549 35 36 Smit et al. 2001. Adaptation to climate change in the context of sustainable development and equity. In: Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability in An Approach for Assessing Human Health Vulnerability and Public Health Interventions to Adapt to Climate Change. Ebi et al. Environmental Health Perspectives, volume 114, 27