6/5/2020
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the burden is shifted to the petitioners to overcome the statutory presumption.
However, in the case at bench, petitioners failed to discharge such burden as will be
discussed below.
First, petitioners insist that Gazzingan’s genetic predisposition has caused his ailment
and that his smoking habits hastened its development. We are not persuaded. As
stated earlier, the specific cause of aortic dissection is still unknown and the risk factors
may only seem to be associated in some way with the disease. Thus, petitioners’ theory
cannot be completely correct. Besides, no medical certification was presented by
petitioners to substantiate their bare allegation that Gazzingan’s left ventricular
hypertrophy and lipoma excision found in his PEME had a causal relation with the
disease that caused his death. As aptly held by the CA, there was no evidence to prove
the causal connection between Gazzingan’s lipoma, which was already removed, and
his dissecting aneurysm. With respect to left ventricular hypertrophy, the same does
not automatically suggest the presence of a pre-existing congenital disease. It is not an
illness but a mere condition that involves the thickening of the muscle wall of the
heart’s left pumping chamber that can be well-managed and usually only develops
overtime.[41] Also, smoking, by itself, can neither be a factor that bars compensation
for the illness.[42] While smoking may contribute to the development of the disease, it
is not the only possible cause. Other factors such as working and living under stressful
conditions also contribute to its development.
Next, petitioners strongly rely on Dr. Banaga’s opinion that Gazzingan’s condition is not
work-related. They insist that Dr. Banaga’s assessment is conclusive in the absence of a
contrary opinion rendered by a separate physician. The Court, however, agrees with the
CA that such opinion is inconclusive for purposes of determining the compensability of
Gazzingan’s illness.
Section 20(B)(3) of the POEA-SEC provides:
Upon sign-off from the vessel for medical treatment, the seafarer is entitled
to sickness allowance equivalent to his basic wage until he is declared fit to
work or the degree of permanent disability has been assessed by the
company-designated physician but in no case shall this period exceed one
hundred twenty (120) days.
For this purpose, the seafarer shall submit himself to a post-employment
medical examination by a company-designated physician within three
working days upon his return except when he is physically incapacitated to
do so, in which case, a written notice to the agency within the same period
is deemed compliance. Failure of the seafarer to comply with the mandatory
reporting requirement shall result in his forfeiture of the right to claim the
above benefits.
If a doctor appointed by the seafarer disagrees with the assessment, a third
doctor may be agreed jointly between the employer and the seafarer. The
third doctor’s decision shall be final and binding on both parties.
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