6/7/2020
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evidence during the administrative proceedings before the Labor Arbiter and NLRC or
even during the proceedings before the Court of Appeals, and petitioners did not offer
any explanation at all as to why they are submitting the evidence only on appeal before
this Court. Hence, the Court is not inclined to relax the rules in the present case in
petitioners' favor.
Moreover, in its review of the evidence on record, the Court bears in mind the settled
rule that in administrative and quasi-judicial proceedings, substantial evidence is
considered sufficient. Substantial evidence is more than a mere scintilla of evidence or
relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a
conclusion, even if other minds, equally reasonable, might conceivably opine otherwise.
[41] It is also a basic rule in evidence that each party must prove his/her affirmative
allegations. Since the burden of evidence lies with the party who asserts an affirmative
allegation, the plaintiff or complainant has to prove his/her affirmative allegation in the
complaint and the defendant or the respondent has to prove the affirmative allegations
in his/her affirmative defenses and counterclaim.[42]
Petitioner's Illegal Dismissal
The Constitutional guarantee of security of tenure extends to Filipino overseas contract
workers as the Court declared in Sameer Overseas Placement Agency, Inc. v.
Cabiles[43]:
Security of tenure for labor is guaranteed by our Constitution.
Employees are not stripped of their security of tenure when they move to
work in a different jurisdiction. With respect to the rights of overseas Filipino
workers, we follow the principle of lex loci contractus.
Thus, in Triple Eight Integrated Services, Inc. v. NLRC, this court noted:
Petitioner likewise attempts to sidestep the medical certificate
requirement by contending that since Osdana was working in
Saudi Arabia, her employment was subject to the laws of the host
country. Apparently, petitioner hopes to make it appear that the
labor laws of Saudi Arabia do not require any certification by a
competent public health authority in the dismissal of employees
due to illness.
Again, petitioner's argument is without merit.
First, established is the rule that lex loci contractus (the law
of the place where the contract is made) governs in this
jurisdiction. There is no question that the contract of
employment in this case was perfected here in the
Philippines. Therefore, the Labor Code, its implementing
rules and regulations, and other laws affecting labor apply
in this case. Furthermore, settled is the rule that the courts of
elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/64155
16/27
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