178 M.R. Jacinto et al. / Fisheries Research 161 (2015) 174–181 Fig. 2. Conceptual Framework for the development of Fish Vool. The authors intentionally separated the level of awareness and literacy of fishermen as a measure of their adaptive capacity because some out-of-school youth fishers are more aware of the impacts of climate change in their livelihood than those who attained higher education. 3.1.3.4. Literacy. The fisher’s literacy determines their ability to find other income-generating livelihoods. Supplemental livelihoods that are accessible to fishers and may increase cumulative income; hence, adaptive capacity will depend considerably on the ˜ 2011; knowledge and skill of the person (e.g., Cabral and Alino, Muallil et al., 2011; Marshall et al., 2012; Mamauag et al., 2013). Fishers with college or vocational degrees have higher adaptive capacity than those who are out-of-school youth or elementary graduates. 3.1.3.5. Community support system. The high adaptive capacity of a community may be attributed to the strong community support