Memorandum for the Petitioners | 33 By 2030, overall coal consumption would 5 . 18.10. need to be reduced by at least two thirds (78%), 103 and by 2050 to almost zero coal used (97% reduction), compared to 2010 levels.104 5.18.11. Similarly, oil and gas will need to decline rapidly . In the scenario that does not rely on CDR technologies (PI pathway),105 global oil consumption would need to decline by 37% by 2030 from 2010 levels and gas by 13%, which correspond to even larger reductions from current levels.106 r 5.18.12. Moreover, “[pjathways limiting global warming to 1.5°C with no or limited overshoot (such as PI ) would require rapid and far-reaching transitions in energy, land, urban and infrastructure (including transport and buildings), and industrial systems.” These will be “ enabled by an increase of adaptation and mitigation investments, policy instruments, the acceleration of technological innovation and behavior changes.» 107 Analyzing the IPCC SR 1.5 shows that successful approaches will be those that try to solve mitigation, adaptation, and development needs in an integrated and inclusive way that protects, respects, and fulfills human rights. 5.18.13. Finally, adaptation to climate change is necessary and essential and requires assessing vulnerability and possible impacts, building resilience, and planning for the consequences.108 r 5.19. While the IPCC SR 1.5 shows that limiting the temperature increase to 1.5°C instead of 2°C would reduce some of the risks and impacts substantially, even at 1.5C of warming, the impacts will be significant and dangerous. A further half degree would lead to some irreversible damages . More specifically (see Figures 2 and 3 below): Grubler, A., et al. (2018), A low energy demand scenario for meeting the 1.5°C target and sustainable development goals without negative emission technologies, available at https:/Avww.nature.com/articles/s41560-018-0172-6 (last accessed on 12 September 2019). See also: IPCC (2018 ) Summary for Policymakers , supra note 89, Figure SPM .3 b, p. 33. 103 IPCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers, supra note 89, Figure SPM.3b, p. 33, median value for coal reductions from 2020 to 2030. 104 Id., Figure SPM.3 b, p. 33. 105 Id., Figure SPM3 b. 106 The PI pathway is the Low Energy Demand Scenario, which assumes oil use to be almost halved (-46 %) and gas use to decline by about one third (-37%) between 2020 and 2030; See Grubler, A ., et al. (2018), supra note 102. 107 IPCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers, supra note 89, Sec. D5 108 Joint Summary of the Amicus Curiae Briefs, supra note 50, p. 10.