Increase in max temp 0.249** * 0.064 0.728** * 0.028 0.078 0.029 Dummies Decrease in min temp Increase in max temp ln of income from farming and gardening ln per capita food expenditure 0.141** 0.131** 0.014 * * 0.014 0.167** * 0.016 0.169** * 0.016 Sig. codes *** 2.5% ** 5% * 10% . 15% Percent change in rainfall Change in level of rainfall expressed in terms of percent change in current level of rainfall relative to 19792006 average rainfall has varying effect on income from crop farming and gardening as well as on food insecurity. Small relative changes in level of rainfall increase income from crop farming and gardening and expectedly extreme increase in level of rainfall (i.e. more than 10%) decreases income from crop farming and gardening. In particular, decrease in rainfall, translated to greater than zero to 10 percent relative change, tends to significantly increase income. Similarly, income increases when level of rainfall increases up to less than 10 percent. However, significant decrease in income is observed when percent change in rainfall is equal or more than 10 percent. Percent change in seasonality Different ranges of percent change in seasonality of rainfall give mixed impact on income from crop farming and gardening. For more than 20 percent decrease in seasonality of rainfall, income significantly increases. The same trend is true when the decrease in seasonality is more than zero to 10 percent and more than 10 percent to less than 20 percent. When percent change in seasonality falls between -20 percent to 10 percent and 0 percent to 10 percent or more than 20 percent, income will decrease. Generally, crop farming and gardening income increases when rainfall is less seasonal. However, more seasonal rainfall have mixed effects on crop farming income. Percent change in volatility Mixed effects are observed when there are relatively small changes in rainfall volatility. Decrease in volatilty translated to 0-10 percent change will significantly reduce income from crop farming and gardening. The same trend is also observed when volatility increases between 10 to less than 20 percent. Increase in volatility between 0-10 percent significantly increases income. However, extreme negative change in rainfall volatility (e.i., more than 20%) increases crop farming income. Temperature Minimum and maximum temperatures have opposite effects on crop farming and gardening income. Decrease in 2009 minimum temperature relative to the 1979-2006 average minimum temperature is significant and positive with regard to income from crop farming and gardening. On the other hand, increase in maximum temperature affects income negatively and significantly. These effects imply that hotter temperature means lower crop farming income while colder temperature means higher farming income. CBMS-FAO | 32