04/02/2020 E-Library - Information At Your Fingertips: Printer Friendly Shoshone Tribe v. U.S. 299 U.S. 476 [1937]; Choate v. Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 [1912]; and Lane v. Pueblo of Santa Rosa, 249 U.S. 110 [1919]. [188] See Discussion, infra, Part IV (c) (2). [189] Susi v. Razon, 48 Phil. 424 [1925]; Herico v. Dar, 95 SCRA 437 [1980]. [190] Ibid. [191] Director of Lands v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 146 SCRA 509 [1986]; Director of Lands v. Buyco, 216 SCRA 78 [1992]; Republic v. Court of Appeals and Lapina, 235 SCRA 567 [1994]. [192] 75 Phil. 890 [1946]. [193] Id. at 892. [194] Sec. 48 [b], C.A. 141. [195] Sec. 48 [c], C.A. 141, as amended. This provision was added in 1964 by R.A. 3872. [196] Section 12, IPRA. [197] "Time immemorial" refers "to a period of time when as far back as memory can go, certain ICCs/Ips are known to have occupied, possessed in the concept of owner, and utilized a defined territory devolved to them, by operation of customary law or inherited from their ancestors, in accordance with their customs and traditions." (Sec. 3 [p], IPRA). [198] Section 2, C.A. 141. [199] Section 8, C.A. 141. [200] The classification of ancestral lands 18% in slope or over as alienable in the IPRA is an exception to Section 15, P.D. 705, the Revised Forestry Code. [201] Charles MacDonald, Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines: Between Segregation and Integration, Indigenous Peoples of Asia, supra, at pp. 345, 350. [202] Section 5, Article XII, 1987 Constitution. [203] Words in bold were amendments introduced by R.A. 3872 in 1964. [204] Words in bold were amendments introduced by R.A. 3872 on June 18, 1964. On January 25, 1977, however, Sec. 48 [b] and 48 [c] were further amended by P.D. 1073 stating that these provisions on cultural minorities apply only to alienable and disposable lands of the public domain-- Please see Republic v. CA and Paran, 201 SCRA 1, 10-11 [1991]. elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/36882 67/148