Memorandum for the Petitioners | 33 5.18.10. By 2030, overall coal consumption would need to be reduced by at least two thirds (78%),'° and by 2050 to almost zero coal used (97% reduction), compared to 2010 levels.’ 5.18.11. Similarly, oil and gas will need to decline rapidly. In the scenario that does not rely on CDR technologies by 37% by 2030 from 2010 levels and gas by 13%, which (P1 pathway),'® global oil consumption would need to decline correspond to even larger reductions from current levels.!% 5.18.12. Moreover, “[p]athways limiting global warming to 1.5°C with no or limited overshoot (such as P1) would require rapid and far-reaching transitions in energy, land, urban and infrastructure (including transport and buildings), and industrial systems.” These will be “enabled by an increase of adaptation and mitigation investments, policy instruments, the acceleration of technological innovation and behavior changes.”!°” Analyzing the [PCC SR 1.5 shows that successful approaches will be those that try to solve mitigation, adaptation, and development needs in an integrated and inclusive way that protects, respects, and fulfills human rights. 5.18.13. Finally, adaptation to climate change is necessary and essential and requires assessing vulnerability and possible impacts, building resilience, and planning for the consequences. ! 5.19. While the IPCC SR 1.5 shows that limiting the temperature increase to 1.5°C instead of 2°C would reduce some of the risks and impacts substantially, even at 1.5C of warming, the impacts will be significant and dangerous. A further half degree would lead to some irreversible damages. More specifically (see Figures 2 and 3 below): Grubler, A., et al. (2018), 4 low energy demand scenario for meeting the 1.5°C target and sustainable development goals without negative emission technologies, available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s4 1560-018-0172-6 (last accessed on 12 September 2019). See also: PCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers, supra note 89, Figure SPM.3b, p. 33. '3 IPCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers, supra note 89, Figure SPM.3b, p. 33, median value for coal reductions from 2020 to 2030. 104 Id. Figure SPM.3b, p. 33. 195 Id, Figure SPM3b. '°6 The P1 pathway is the Low Energy Demand Scenario, which assumes oil use to be almost halved (46 %) and gas use to decline by about one third (-37%) between 2020 and 2030; See Grubler, A., et al. (2018), supra note 102. ‘7 IPCC (2018) Summary for Policymakers, supra note 89, Sec. DS 198 Joint Summary of the Amicus Curiae Briefs, supra note 50, p. 10.