IV. >> Illustrating the Framework - Indicators for Some Rights
>> Selecting the indicators
are “sexual and reproductive health”, “child mortality and health care”, “natural and occupational
environment”, “prevention, treatment and control
of diseases”, and “accessibility to health facilities
and essential medicines”. These attributes relate to
provisions under article 12 (2) and the emphasis
in general comment No. 14 (2000) on the need
to address some topics of broad application. After
ensuring that these attributes collectively reflect the
normative content of the right, two types of structural
indicators have been identified. These relate to the
legal and the attendant institutional set-up and the
relevant policy framework and policy statements for
implementing the human rights obligations of the
State. An indicator on civil society organizations has
also been identified to reflect their important role in
the implementation of the right to health. This is followed by the identification of process indicators principally covering the measures that could be taken by
the State through its administrative agencies in fulfilling its obligations to implement the right to health.
Thus, there are indicators related to the extension of
medical services and essential medication, awareness-raising and providing public health services.
There are also indicators identified on judicial and
quasi-judicial remedies and the role of international
cooperation in realizing the right. Finally, there are
negative and positive outcome indicators that allow
a summary assessment of the realization of the right
to health, or its specific attributes. The normative as
well as the empirical basis for including some of the
indicators is developed in the corresponding metadata sheet.
Table on the right to non-discrimination and equality
Non-discrimination and equality are cross-cutting
human rights or principles which are invoked in all
international human rights instruments, starting with
articles 1, 2 and 7 of the Universal Declaration. There
are difficulties in translating the normative narrative
on the right to non-discrimination and equality into
a set of mutually exclusive and exhaustive attributes
and corresponding indicators. Discrimination or nondiscrimination may often not be directly observable
and may not be easily isolated from the realization
of other human rights either. While different methods
and sources can be used to measure discrimination
(see box 23), common socioeconomic statistics that
may reveal patterns of discrimination only indirectly
are often relied upon. The realization of the right to
non-discrimination may also be easier to define in the
context of other human rights. For instance, appropriately disaggregated statistics on the labour markets
(e.g., unemployment rates disaggregated by sex or
ethnic origin and level of qualification) can provide
useful information on possible discrimination in the
realization of the right to work. Also, methods for
directly measuring systemic discrimination, impairing
population groups’ enjoyment of their right to work,
have been developed and implemented in a number
of countries (see box 24).
article 24 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, articles 28 and 43 (1) (e) of the International Convention on the Protection of
the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, article 25 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,
and the work of the Special Rapporteur on the right to health, Paul Hunt, were also useful in identifying the attributes and the indicators
on the right to health.
Human Rights Indicators
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