Integrating Climate into our Strategy - 35 François Badoual Is storage the primary focus for your expansion in solar? PB It’s an important area, but not the only one. There’s also a lot we need to look at in photovoltaics itself as new technologies emerge that are more efficient for longer. But yes, storage is a major focus. It’s the key to developing photovoltaic solar power on a large scale — something that is true for most renewables. We know that disruptive technologies will make an appearance, but we don’t when or what they will be. That’s why diversifying our options is so critical. Bringing renewables to the grid is also becoming a strategic way of achieving our goal. Tomorrow’s grids will have to be able to manage a number of factors: diverse energy sources, such as gas and solar, renewables’ variability, and more distributed generation because anyone can become a producer simply by installing solar panels on their rooftops. We need to deepen our understanding of smart electricity systems to optimize grid performance. Naturally, digital technology will play a significant role. What are you concentrating on in the area of energy efficiency? PB Energy efficiency is a source of continuous improvement, because it’s also a way to make our facilities more profitable. In the Refining & Chemicals segment, energy costs make up a significant share of our operating expenses. We plan to continue improving our processes and the design of our facilities, while looking at other, broader ways of making our operations more efficient. For example, there have been some interesting reports from eco-industrial parks where different companies pool material and energy flows. We are currently working on this subject with ParisSaclay Energy Efficiency (PS2E), a research and training institute of which we are a founding partner. We can also help customers reduce their energy use by making our products more energy efficient. This is achieved through different formulations and by developing new molecules for our fuels and lubricants. FB Thanks to TEV and our investment in the Ecomobility Ventures fund, we can support the development of start-ups that promote new practices and business models in the transportation sector. One example is France’s OuiCar, a peer-to-peer car sharing service.