Seven years have passed since the endorsement of the UNGP BHR. Among the questions to ask are: r What is the current status of the national action plans on the UNGP BHR? r To what extent have the UNGP BHR been popularized among various stakeholders? r To what extent have communities and land rights defenders used the UNGP BHR as a tool to defend and to protect their rights to land? Given the increasing pressures on land due to investments, CSOs working on land rights have an important role in mainstreaming and monitoring the implementation of the UNGP BHR. Given the increasing pressures on land due to investments, CSOs working on land rights have an important role in mainstreaming and monitoring the implementation of the UNGP BHR. ANGOC and Land Watch Asia through the initiative “Defending Land Rights and Human Rights Defenders” embarked on engaging National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) to mainstream the UNGP BHR in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Nepal and the Philippines. Through the support of the International Land Coalition (ILC), six country papers were prepared and discussed in order to provide an overview of the relevance of the UNGP BHR in the context of land and agribusiness investments, identify challenges faced in mainstreaming the UNGP BHR, and formulate key recommendations based on the consultation processes. The papers from Cambodia, Indonesia, and Philippines build on the findings of the earlier baseline studies prepared for the Consortium for Agrarian Reform (KPA) through the OXFAM-Indonesia supported project “Promoting the National Action Plans on the implementation of the UNGP on Business and Human Rights in relation to land rights issues.” A regional summary of all six country papers was then drafted and discussed at the regional workshop “Engaging National Human Rights Institutions Toward the Promotion of Land Rights as Human Rights” (held on 15-16 November 2018 in Bangkok, Thailand). As public watchdogs, CSOs have been monitoring the impacts of land and agribusiness investments on local communities. As part of this regional initiative, CSOs also initiated the development of a Scorecard as a tool to be used by ANGOC and KPA 9