OVERARCHING KEY FINDINGS AND MESSAGES The following represent the key findings and messages from all sections of this joint summary amicus brief. Key Findings on Jurisdiction (APF & GANHRI, ClientEarth, ELAW, Plan B)    The Commission’s mandate to investigate the claims raised in the Petition is wellfounded, both in national law as well as in international law practice. Both the effects doctrine and the protective principle establish a clear nexus between the Philippines and the human rights violations raised in the Petition; and States’ human rights obligations demand effective investigations into the human rights violations alleged by the Petitioners. Key Findings on the Human Rights Impacts of Climate Change (CIEL, ClientEarth, ELAW, Our Children’s Trust, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law)   The harmful effects of climate change pose an enormous threat to human rights in the Philippines and abroad. Increases in the severity and frequency of sudden-onset disasters such as hurricanes and floods already have and will continue to cause deaths, injuries, property destruction, and human displacement, while more gradual forms of environmental degradation will undermine access to clean water, food, and other key resources. All of these impacts will impair fundamental rights including the rights to life, health, clean water and sanitation, food, adequate housing, self-determination and development, and equality and non-discrimination. These impacts will disproportionately affect certain countries and individuals, including those who are disadvantaged due to poverty, gender, age, disability, cultural or ethnic background, and other factors, as well as children and future generations who will experience increasingly severe impacts over time. This is not merely an abstract future possibility: the Philippines and many other countries are already experiencing adverse effects on human rights as a result of climate change. Key Findings on the Science of Climate Change Impacts, Attribution, and Recovery (Hansen, Our Children’s Trust, Plan B, Sabin Center for Climate Change Law, Trenberth)    Reputable international and domestic scientific bodies, as well as an extensive body of peer-reviewed science, indicate that climate change is causing severe environmental, economic, and social impacts at current levels of planetary warming, and that these impacts will intensify with any additional warming. The occurrence and severity of these impacts is, to varying degrees, attributable to planetary warming above pre-industrial levels. The activities of the respondents to the Petition have materially contributed to a large percentage of this warming. Rapid, large-scale emissions reductions and natural carbon sequestration are needed in order to meet either the Paris Agreement’s temperature goals or more stringent sciencebased climate recovery targets. 9