4/20/2021
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have resulted in prejudice to a party's substantive rights.[27] Especially in the aspect of
establishing facts, due process considerations require that judgments must conform
to and be supported by the pleadings and evidence presented in court.[28] Deciding
based on evidence is an essential attribute of due process which properly informs
(especially those who will be deprived of life, liberty or property) the reasons for the
verdict which pronounced the rights and obligations of contending parties in litigation.
In this case, it has already been shown that the records lack substantial evidence to
show that Castillon's colon cancer was work-related. To force the application of social
justice principles by discarding evidentiary requirements just so an underprivileged
party may benefit at the expense of the other is to betray the same principles. The
constitutional commitment to the policy of social justice cannot be understood to mean
that every labor dispute shall automatically be decided in favor of labor.[29] Such
constitutional and legal protection equally recognizes the employer's right and
prerogative to manage its operation according to reasonable standards and norms of
fair play.[30] Accordingly, broad and generic principles—such as social justice—
cannot be used as substitutes in place of the quantum of evidence required to
establish a fact or inference. Doing so would violate the basic tenets of due process and
would amount to the desecration of the principle of social justice itself.
III.Drawing the line
between applying
social
justice
principles
and
sufficiency
of
evidence requires
the
Court
to
weigh the longterm effects of
its decisions.
It was first declared by this Court in More Maritime Agencies, Inc., et al. v.
National Labor Relations Commission, et al.[31] that: "[e]very workman brings
with him to his employment certain infirmities, and while the employer is not the
insurer of the health of his employees, he takes them as he finds them, and assumes
the risk of having a weakened condition aggravated by some injury which might not
hurt or bother a perfectly normal, healthy person."[32] Such ruling is consistent with
the disposition in the instant case in favor of Castillon.
Here, the ponencia cited the case of Leonis Navigation Co., Inc., et al. v.
Villamater, et al.[33] which considered colon cancer as a compensable disease by
reason of being work-related because, even if the NLRC and the Labor Arbiter found
that seafarer Villamater's "dietary provisions while at sea increased his risk of
contracting colon cancer because he had no choice of what to eat on board except
those provided on the vessels and these consisted mainly of high-fat, high-cholesterol,
and low-fiber foods," the employers "were silent when they argued that his affliction
was brought about by diet and genetics." At this point, it is reasonable to conclude that
the Court in Leonis did not give a clear explanation (aside from the fact that such
https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/66406
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