18 The first of these documents, written by CA Jones of Shell Oil, touts industry research into the dilution of atmospheric carbon by carbon from fossil sources, and also acknowledges that oil and gas producers are responsible for emissions not only from the production of their products, but from their use. (Submitted for the record as document annex to slides 21-24 of my testimony of May 23rd). A second document, presented by Jerry McAfee of Gulf Oil, is included as Annex B hereto. In this new document, dated November 1958, and submitted on behalf of API’s Smoke and Fumes Committee, McAfee confirms industry “analysis of gaseous compounds in the atmosphere to determine the sources of atmospheric carbon”. (Fig. 1) Figure 1. That the oil industry funded this through API’s Smoke and Fumes Committee indicates that it was viewed as air pollution research. In 1957-58, when API first acknowledged coordinated research into atmospheric carbon from fossil fuels, the following Carbon Majors companies were API members directly, or through their predecessors, subsidiaries or affiliates: Ashland Oil, British Petroleum, Chevron, Conoco Phillips, ExxonMobil, Petroleos de Venezuela, and Shell Oil. (Submitted for the record as document annex to slide 26 to my testimony of May 23rd.) 1959—Industry document shows carbon dioxide is by far the largest component of vehicle exhaust other than water vapor; industry leaders receive a stark warning of potential climate risks from Nobel physicist. In 1959, a report issued as part of the Smoke & Fumes Committee’s research program into air pollutants quantified the proportion of automotive tailpipe emissions of various pollutants and demonstrated that carbon dioxide was by far the largest component of emissions other than water vapor. With the exception of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide exceeded every other component of auto exhaust by at least an order of magnitude, and generally by many orders of magnitude. This would not have come as a surprise to fossil fuel producers, who had long known that water vapor and carbon dioxide are the principal byproducts of fossil fuel combustion. While the industry as a whole continued to view carbon dioxide as a harmless byproduct at this time, the sheer scale of CO2 emissions relative to other