crossfire/non-targeted deaths, or death in the course of undertaking dangerous assignments; deaths resulting from indiscriminate and/or disproportionate attacks carried out by parties to an armed conflict Exclusions: Intentional homicide not amounting to war crime (0101); attempted intentional homicide not amounting to war crime (0102); nonintentional homicide not amounting to war crime (0103) - B. ENFORCED DISAPPEARANCE Arrest, detention, abduction or any other form of deprivation of liberty of a victim by agents of the State or by persons or groups of persons acting with the authorization, support or acquiescence of the State, motivated by the victim, or someone associated with the victim, engaging in activities as a journalist, trade unionist or human rights defender, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the deprivation of liberty or by concealment of the fate or whereabouts of the victim, which places the victim outside the protection of the law.18 Inclusions: Enforced 02022 Deprivation of liberty + disappearance Unlawful detainment of a person or persons against their will. Exclusions: - See also, Jean-Marie Henckaerts and Louise Doswald-Beck for the ICRC, Customary International Humanitarian Law: Volume 1: Rules, (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2005), rule 89 (applicable in both types of conflict). 18 See, Article 3, UDHR; Article 1(1), International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICED); Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. UNGA Res 47/133 of (1992); Article 2, ICED. 13