ANNEX The official indicator framework for SDG 16 proposes 10 targets and 23 indicators. Of these, 16 indicators are classified as Tier II and 1 indicator is classified as Tier III, as of April 2019. Data for Tier I indicators is also scarce – often data exists for only a single year making it difficult to measure progress. As SDG16 targets are composite targets and require compound indictors to measure progress, data from different sources are used to track progress. Currently, the main sources for data for assessing progress towards this goal are data collected by agencies such as United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the World Bank, and made available through the ESCAP database. Efforts, such as the Praia Group on Governance Statistics, are currently underway at the global level to improve definition and harmonization of governance indicators, through the development of manuals and methodological guidelines. Proxy 16.5.P1 Corruption perceptions index, Scores Official 16.1.1 Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population, by sex and age Official 16.3.2 Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population Official 16.5.2 Proportion of businesses that had at least one contact with a public official and that paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials during … Official 16.8.1 Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations Official 16.9.1 Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births have been registered with a civil authority, by age Official 16.a.1 Existence of independent national human rights institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles Table 1. Official and proxy indicators for SDG 16 for which there is at least one data point for more than half of ESCAP countries ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The profile for SDG 16 was developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) with inputs from the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).