Interpreting this constitutional provision, in Nicos Industrial Corporation v. Court of
Appeals,ix[9] the Court said:
It is a requirement of due process that the parties to a litigation be informed of how it
was decided, with an explanation of the factual and legal reasons that led to the
conclusions of the court. The court cannot simply say that judgment is rendered in favor
of X and against Y and just leave it at that without any justification whatsoever for its
action. The losing party is entitled to know why he lost, so he may appeal to a higher
court, if permitted, should he believe that the decision should be reversed. A decision
that does not clearly and distinctly state the facts and the law on which it is based
leaves the parties in the dark as to how it was reached and is especially prejudicial to
the losing party, who is unable to pinpoint the possible errors of the court for review by a
higher tribunal.
In this case, the NLRC left petitioner in the dark by its failure to discuss why the facts it
pointed out in its memorandum on appeal would not affect the unqualified application of
Section 6, Rule I, Book III of the POEA Rules. It is possible that the NLRC fully believed
that said rule should be applied literally. This should not, however, have given premium
to brevity in its resolutionx[10] to the point that the very underpinnings for a partys appeal
to it would be completely disregarded and left unresolved. As this Court declared,
(b)revity is doubtless an admirable trait, but it should not and cannot be substituted for
substance.xi[11] The need for a clear dissertation on the issues raised on appeal was
underscored in Francisco v. Permskul.xii[12] In said case, although the Court upheld the
validity of Section 40 of Batas Pambansa Blg. 120, allowing the rendition of
memorandum decisions, especially in appealed cases, it nevertheless stated that:
Despite the convenience afforded by the memorandum decision, it is still desirable that
the appellate judge exert some effort in restating in his own words the findings of fact of
the lower court and presenting his own interpretation of the law instead of merely
parroting the language of the court a quo as if he cannot do any better. There must be
less intellectual indolence and more pride of authorship in the writing of a decision,
especially if it comes from an appellate court.
It ill becomes an appellate judge to write his rulings with a pair of scissors and a pot of
paste as if he were a mere researcher. He is an innovator, not an echo. The case
usually becomes progressively simpler as it passes through the various levels of appeal
and many issues become unimportant or moot and drop along the way. The appellate
judge should prune the cluttered record to make the issues clearer. He cannot usually
do this by simply mimicking the lower court. He must use his own perceptiveness in
unraveling the rollo and his own discernment in discovering the law. No less importantly,
he must use his own language in laying down his judgment. And in doing so, he should
also guard against torpidity lest his pronouncements excite no more fascination than a
technical tract on the values of horse manure as a fertilizer. A little style will help liven
the opinion trapped in the tortuous lexicon of the law with all its whereases and
wherefores. A judicial decision does not have to be a bore.