Memorandum for the Petitioners |124 legal and moral responsibilities*®? of the respondents, and on whether they are taking the appropriate preventative measures right now in light of foreseeable risks as demonstrated through the aforementioned studies. 8.150.There is substantial scientific support for the Honorable Commission to find that there is sufficient clear link between the respondent Carbon Majors’ carbon emissions and the impacts that are occurring globally and in the Philippines, as described by the respected scientists. RESPONDENT CARBON MAJORS ARE RESPONSIBLE, UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAWS AND AGREEMENTS AND DOMESTIC LAWS, TO RESPECT AND PROTECT THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF FILIPINOS IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE. 8.151. The National Inquiry is replete with evidence showing not only that States have human rights obligations, but that corporations have the responsibility to respect human rights in the context of climate change. The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (“UNGPs”) explicitly call on companies to respect human rights. The corporate responsibility to respect human rights is not optional— it arises from a global standard of expected conduct that is often reflected in national laws and regulations.>* 8.152.The UNGPs require enterprises to assess, address, and take responsibility for the climate-related human rights impacts of their products and operations. Consistent with this obligation, corporations have a duty to reduce their GHG emissions: to a level that avoids or minimizes dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system as evidenced by the best available science.>™ 582 See Exhibit “VVVVVVV” to “VVVVVVV-7,” Statement of Resource Person, Henry Shue, dated 21 October 2018 and Exhibit “XXXXXXX” to “XXXXXXX-7,” Shue, H. (07 September 2017), Responsible Jor What? Carbon Producer CO2 Contributions and the Energy Transition. 583 United Nations Human Rights Council (21 March 2011), Report of the Special Representative of the Secretary General on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises, Seventeenth Session (hereinafter, “UNGPs”), available at http://www.ohchr.org/documents/issues/business/A.HRC. 17.3 1.pdf (last accessed on 06 September 2019). 584 Joint Summary of the Amicus Curiae, supra note 50, p. 60.