V. >> F ramework in Practice - Implementing and Monitoring Rights >> Interpreting statistical information from a human rights perspective significantly contribute to promoting and monitoring human rights implementation. Using socioeconomic statistics in human rights typically involves first seeking to disaggregate the available information, from national averages to data for the smallest group of individuals who are bound by common human rights characteristics and on to information at the level of an individual. However, such data collection, compilation and disaggregation are not always feasible. Indeed, that is where the framework of indicators presented in this Guide becomes useful for identifying the critical information which may be necessary for undertaking an adequate human rights assessment. Incidentally, the absence of information on relevant indicators can, in itself, be an indicator of a lack of willingness Fig. XVI and commitment on the part of the duty bearers to implement human rights. For example, this could be the case when there is no information on a structural indicator like the time frame and coverage of a policy or action plan for the elimination of discrimination and all forms of violence against women (see chap. IV, table on violence against women), and when process indicators like the proportion of staff formally investigated for physical and non-physical abuse or crime on detained or imprisoned persons (including torture and disproportionate use of force) and the proportion of these investigations resulting in disciplinary action or prosecution (see chap. IV, table on the right not to be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment) are not compiled or disseminated. Three perspectives for human rights assessments Time horizon Average perspective Deprivation perspective Inequality perspective One period What is the national average? Who are the most deprived by: • Sex • Income quintile • Region • Ethnic group • Education, etc. What is the disparity between: • Women and men • Bottom and top income quintiles • Worst-off and best-off regions • Worst-off and bestoff ethnic groups • Local and migrant population Two or more periods How has the national average changed? How have the most deprived population groups progressed? How have disparities among population groups changed – widened or narrowed? Source: Adapted from UNDP, Human Development Report 2000. Human Rights Indicators 127