Assistance in the Framework of the Guarantees of the Due Process of Law and on the Juridical Condition and Rights of Undocumented Migrants, respectively, Taking note of the judgement of the International Court of Justice of 31 March 2004 in the Avena and Other Mexican Nationals case (Mexico v. United States of America) and recalling the obligations of States reaffirmed therein, Aware of the increasing number of migrants worldwide, and bearing in mind the situation of vulnerability in which migrants and their families frequently find themselves, owing, inter alia, to their absence from their States of origin and to the difficulties they encounter because of differences of language, custom and culture, as well as the economic and social difficulties and obstacles to the return of migrants, especially for those who are undocumented or in an irregular migratory situation, to their States of origin, Concerned at the large and growing number of migrants, especially women and children, who attempt to cross international borders without the required travel documents, which places these migrants in a particularly vulnerable situation, and recognizing the obligation of States to respect the human rights of these migrants, Deeply concerned at the manifestations of violence, racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and other forms of intolerance and inhuman and degrading treatment against migrants, especially women and children, in different parts of the world, Concerned also that the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance has indicated the appearance of new forms of discrimination targeting migrants, among other groups, Recognizing the increasing participation of women in international migration movements, Recognizing also the positive and diverse contributions that migrants make to host and origin societies, and the efforts that some host countries undertake to integrate migrants and their families, Highlighting the importance of creating conditions that favour greater harmony, tolerance and respect between migrants and the rest of society in the countries in which they find themselves, in order to eliminate manifestations of racism and xenophobia against migrants and members of their families, Bearing in mind the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants contained in its resolution 1999/44 of 27 April 1999, Encouraged by the increasing interest of the international community in the effective and full protection of the human rights of all migrants, and underlining the need to make page 2