Decision 36 G.R. No. 224469 e) Right to Regulate Entry of Migrants. - Right to regulate the entry of migrant settlers and organizations into the domains; g) Right to Claim Parts of Reservations. -The right to claim parts of the ancestral domains which have been reserved for various purposes, except those reserved and intended for common public welfare and service; and h) Right to Resolve Conflict. - Right to resolve land conflicts in accordance with customary laws of the area where the land is located, and only in default thereof shall the complaints pe submitted to amicable settlement and to the Courts of Justice whenever necessary. SECTION 8. Rights to Ancestral Lands. - The right of ownership and possession of the ICCs/IPs to their ancestral lands shall be recognized and protected. a) Right to transfer land/property. - Such right shall include the right to transfer land or property rights to/among members of the same ICCs/lPs, subject to customary laws and traditions of the community concerned. b) Right to Redemption. - In cases where it is shown that the transfer of land/property rights by virtue of any agreement or devise, to a non-member of the concerned ICCs/IPs is tainted by the vitiated consent of the ICCs/IPs, or is transferred for an unconscionable consideration or price, the transferor ICC/IP shall have the right to redeem the same within a period not exceeding fifteen (15) years from the date of transfer. But IP title is not the same as the concept of ownership in the Civil Code. In his 2002 Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILJA) Judicial Journal article entitled "Introducing the Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act (IPRA)," one of the leading constitutionalists in the country, Professor Sedfrey M. Candelaria, clarified that the civil law concept of land ownership is nonexistent within the IP sector. Traditionally, under civil law, ownership over property carries with it a bundle of rights comprised ofjus possidendi, jus abutendi, jus dispodendi, jus utendi,_jusfruendi,_jus vindicandi, andjus accessiones. In contrast, IP title is sui generis as it carries an important restriction - it is collective and communal title held not only for the present generation but for all succeeding generations. 85 What IPs have is the concept of mutual sharing of resources wherein no individual, re~ardless of status, is without sustenance. This means the land and its resources cannot be alienated or encumbered except to the State and in ways that would prevent future generations of the group from using and e:njoying it. 86 Nor can the land be developed or misused in a way that would substantially deprive future generations of the benefit of the land87 though some changes even permanent Id. Id. 87 Id. 85 86 .

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