1 filing and recording system. A mineral resource database system shall be set up in the 2 Bureau which shall include, among others, a mineral rights management system. 3 Sec. 25. Publication. - The Bureau shall publish at least annually a mineral 4 gazette of nationwide circulation containing among others, a current list of mineral 5 rights, their locations specified in the appropriate map, mining rules and regulations, 6 other official acts affecting mining, and other information relevant to mineral resources 7 development. A system of publication fund shall be included in the regular budget of 8 the Bureau. 9 Sec. 26. Bureau to conduct exploration activities. - Exploration of mineral 10 resources shall be exclusively and directly undertaken by the State through the Bureau. 11 In no case shall this function be delegated or contracted out to private corporations or 12 persons. 13 Sec. 27. Non-invasive exploration. - Exploration activities shall only be non- 14 invasive such as seismic, gravity, magnetic, electromagnetic, radar, induced polarization, 15 radio-wave and electro-geochemical. 16 Sec. 28. Consent - The Bureau shall not conduct any exploration activity without 17 the free, prior and informed written consent of relevant landowner, possessor and/or 18 occupant; the affected communities; and/or of the ICC/IP. Neither shall the Bureau 19 enter into any part of the ancestral domains/lands of ICCs/IPs without their free and 20 prior informed consent. Further, the Bureau shall not enter into any distributed land 21 under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program within the 10 years prohibited 22 period of the said program. 23 Sec. 29. Ownership o f ICCs/IPs. - The mineral resources within ancestral 24 domains/ancestral lands are the collective private property of the indigenous cultural 25 communities/indigenous peoples (ICCs/IPs) as provided by law. The management of 26 such mineral resources shall build on the indigenous knowledge systems and practices 27 of the ICCs/IPs. 28 Sec. 30. Free, prior, and inform ed consent - No mining activity shall be 29 conducted within the ancestral domains/lands of ICCs/IPs without their free, prior, and 30 informed consent (FPIC), in addition to the conditions set forth under the succeeding 31 sections of this Act. 32 Sec. 31. When ancestral domain is n o t formally recognized. - When ancestral 33 domain is not covered by a Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title/Certificate of Ancestral 34 Land Title (CADT/CALT), or is covered by a different title issued in favor of members of 35 the ICCs/IPs, mineral resources shall nevertheless be managed by the ICCs/IPs 36 concerned when it can be presumed that the area is part of ancestral domain. An area 17