1 as quarry resources, sand and gravel, guano, and gemstones, and the conservation, 2 exploration, development, utilization, processing and transportation thereof. 3 ownership, management and governance of petroleum, natural gas and coal shall be 4 governed by special laws. Offshore mining shall also be governed by special laws. 5 This Act shall cover onshore and offshore, large-scale and small-scale mining operations 6 in the country, including mining projects in ancestral domains in accordance to the 7 existing national and international policies on our indigenous peoples. 8 9 Sec. 9. - The Ore minerals form part of the country's irreplaceable and non- renewable natural wealth and capital. The conservation of our mineral wealth is a 10 paramount public interest and mineral resources shall be utilized only in a rational 11 manner for national and local development as specified by law and the National 12 Industrialization Program and the Mineral Management Plan. The economic benefits 13 derived from mining shall be equitably distributed by, among others, prioritizing 14 development for local communities and all other stakeholders directly affected by 15 mining operations. 16 Sec. 10. - The State shall have primary role, responsibility and concern in the 17 management, conservation, utilization, and development of the mining industry and 18 shall ensure the peoples participation in policy making and implementation o f the same 19 at all levels of government. The management of mineral resources shall be a shared 20 concern and responsibility among the national government, corporations, all levels of 21 local government, and the communities affected by the exploration, development, and 22 utilization of mineral resources. 23 24 25 Sec. 11. - The State shall accord support to communities dependent on smaliscale mining whose operations shall strictly adhere to the provisions of this law. Sec. 12. - Subject to their right to self-determination, indigenous cultural 26 communities/ indigenous peoples (ICCs/IPs) own and have the responsibility to manage 27 the mineral resources in their respective ancestral domains, free from external 28 manipulation, interference, force threat, intimidation, coercion and other analogous 29 acts. The State shall support indigenous cultural communities in developing capacities 30 to effectively exercise their right and responsibility. 31 Sec. 13. - Mining shall be limited in scale in accordance with this Act. 32 Sec. 14. - Mineral resources development, utilization and processing shall be 33 reserved for Filipino citizens and for Filipino corporations. 34 undertaken directly by the State for the benefit of the nation. Exploration shall be 35 Sec. 15. - Remining and recycling of mineral resources shall be prioritized over 36 the opening of new mines to maximize and recover the remaining minerals resources