Effect of JAO No. 01 of 2012. In 2011, a Joint Task Force was established among the DAR, DENR, NCIP and the LRA. The main objective was to resolve overlaps in jurisdictional and policy mandates among the respective government organizations. In January 2012, JAO 01-2012 was issued, establishing the mechanisms to prevent and resolve the contentious areas and issues at the national and field levels. The LRA is the agency overseeing the ROD, the government office that administers the Torrens system of registration of real estate ownership in the country and judicially confirms and records all land titles in government archives. The purpose of the JAO is to facilitate and coordinate the process of registration of the Ancestral Domain/Land titles issued by NCIP with the other titling agencies: DENR-LMB, DAR and DOJ-LRA – to avoid the overlap of titles under the registration regime and to comply with section 56 of IPRA to respect prior, existing rights within ancestral domains. The main concern of the JAO is to prescribe a process for the preparation of the map projection to identify titled lands, which might overlap with CADT/CALTs. This information is only available and under the technical jurisdiction of the DENR-LMB. The JAO covers all land, tenurial and utilization instruments that are issued by the DAR, DENR and the NCIP and the registration thereof by the LRA. However, the implementation of JAO 1-2012 has been marred by government inertia, ambiguity of who takes the lead and the limited capacity of frontline implementors of the respective agencies to perform their expected duties as outlined. The guidelines set forth in the JAO for the preparation of map projections was a main objective to streamline the process of CADT/CALT registrations. However, rather than facilitate the preparation of map projections, the JAO has resulted in a bureaucratic gridlock that has impeded the registration of ancestral domains by withholding the necessary information from the NCIP and thereby blocking the registration process with the LRA. The net effect of the JAO has been injurious to the rights of IP communities. The JAO has created a regime which frustrates the registration of CADT/CALTs with the local ROD rather than facilitates it. It is worth noting that since the approval of JAO 1-2012, no CADT/CALTs throughout the country has been registered under it. Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ANGOC) 83