Page 5 MMA ACT 303 K to 12 refers to kindergarten and the 12 years of elementary and secondary education. The k to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of elementary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School (SHS) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. Kindergarten Education refers to the first stage of compulsory formal basic education which is composed of one (1) year of preparatory education. The required age for this level is at least five years of age. Secondary Education refers to the third stage of formal education. It consists of four (4) years of junior high school education and two (2) years senior high school education. The entrance age to the junior and high school levels are typically twelve (12) and sixteen (16) years old, respectively. Education in Emergencies refers to the provision of quality education opportunities that meet the physical protection, psychosocial, developmental and cognitive needs of people affected by emergencies, which can be both life-sustaining and life saving. Major components of EiE include Cluster/Sector Coordination Mechanism, Assessment Emergency Education, Curricula Contingency Planning Education, Supplies and Logistics Temporary Learning Spaces; Psychosocial Support and Strategies Mobilization and Training of Teachers and other Education Personnel. Formal Education refers to the systematic and deliberate process of hierarchically structured and sequential learning corresponding to the general concept of kindergarten, elementary and secondary level of schooling. It is composed of a total of thirteen (13) years of schooling. At the end of each level, the learner is expected to earn a certificate of competency which is required to enter or advance to the next level. Non-formal Education refers to any organized educational activity outside the established formal system, whether operating separately or as an important feature of some broader activity, that is intended to serve identifiable learning clienteles and learning objectives. The major non-formal education programs that are in operation are the Basic Literacy Program, the Accreditation and Equivalency Program and the Indigenous Peoples Education Program. Informal Education refers to a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires and accumulates knowledge, skills, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, work, at play and from life itself; and refers to any organized, systematic educational activity carried outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population.