125 The United Nations has the unique ability to forge agreements and implement normative frameworks. It is also in a strong position to promote guiding principles into becoming international treaties or domestic laws. It can catalyze the development of mechanisms and processes for hearing human rights cases, especially those involving transboundary harm, universal liability, cross-jurisdictional enforcement, compensation, and proportional liability. The Commission also recognizes the central role of the United Nations in engaging the business community to deliver climate goals. Developing binding instruments that promote responsible business standards, including compelling the business sector to fulfill their human rights responsibilities for a more inclusive and transformative climate action. 5. To National Human Rights Institutions The climate crisis calls not just for an evaluation of State obligations on human rights, but of the human rights responsibilities of businesses, as well. NHRIs “play a crucial role in promoting and monitoring the effective implementation of international human rights standards at the national level”540 and bridging stakeholders to “promote transparent, participatory and inclusive national processes of implementation and monitoring.”541 In the face of one of the greatest human rights challenges of our time, the Commission notes that NHRIs around the world are rising to the challenge and have increased engagements aimed at protecting climate-affected rights.542 In October 2015, the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI) adopted the Mérida Declaration, encouraging all NHRIs to “influence the national process of implementation and accountability to ensure human rights are 540 United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, UN Human Rights and NHRIs, available at https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/NHRI/Pages/NHRIMain.aspx. 541 The Mérida Declaration, The Role of National Human Rights Institutions in Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, para. 15 [hereinafter as Mérida Declaration]. 542 Nathaniel Elsen & Nina Eschke, Climate Change and Human Rights, The Contributions Human Rights Institutions: A Handbook (2020 ed.). of National