3 S1 .. \ EcnsYSII·M l!SA \i ''\. 500 Miles 0 \_,..1 ''] , '\.. Tt:c!!ah.'ln:l$ ' . : \ . ··\ - ....:. ·' --.._CI_'_Ii.a ') / , ... ·--·- "· \ 500KM 0 \ ,\_. ·-· '·- -- r / / Fut;rtoAJco\. ,. :.: 1- 1 \ .. I \ /.Angu'1• / ,\ (•.:J.;•Ly, .-"" ....... / '"'- - -· ... : .. .- - ,_, "' tlt.JtiljUa( ' . -- j lstl\r.:'l· '(.."' andNev•:l/\ ,.· ',_ \ \ ;' c\l.:\ 1 ::-.,J /l"''C ColontHI '·.----·1 Ftn. 1.1. The Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem (yellow line) with hypothetical Exclusive Economic Zone (broken line) boundaries:· Sot The Nature Conscr\'ancy (TKC: pcrs. commun. 2005}. for other services to function. In addition, prO\·idt: less tangiblt: cultural scrl'ices such as recreational, a.:sthetic. and spiritual values. which an: nevertheless highly valued by human societies. and which can generate very significant linnncial retums. as in tht: case of tourism (Fig. 1.2). According to tht: MA conceptual framework (MA 2003 ). human well-being includes the lwsic matt'rialfi;r a good life, such as secure and adequate livelihoods, enough loml, adequate shelter. clothing. and access to goods; ht'alth, including feeling well and having a healthy physical environment, such as clean air and access to clean water; good social ndations, including social cohesion. mutual respect, and the ability to help others and provide lor children; security, including secure access to natural and other resources, personal safety. and security lr01n nutural and human-made disasters; andfi·eedom o(clwice and action. including the opportunity to achieve what an individual values doing and being. Humans arc thus highly dependent on the !1ow of ecosystem services (Fig. 1.3 ). However, the links have become less obvious to some urban dwellers who arc butTered against environmental change by factors such as culture and technology, and therefore associate water with treatment plants, lood with supermarkets, air with air conditioners. and recreation with television. The central locus of the MA is an examination of the clTects of ecosystem changes on people in future decades, and the types of responses that may be adopted at local, national, regional. and global scales to improve ecosystem management, and so enhance human wcll-bt:ing. The Caribbean Sea Ecosystem Assessment draws heavily upon the MA and methodology. The technical work of the assessment was conducted by three working groups'··-on Condition and Trends, Scenarios, and Responses-- and at thre.:: scales (described later). were sdt.:ctcd during an initiul workshup cunduch:d by the i'--1A Rl!gion in April 2001. omd furthL'r cxpt!rtS fro111 the region added through in\'itmiuns. Disciplines n.:prcsenh.:d m.:rc ...:m·irnnmcnl und lh.:vclupnn.:nt. ugriculturc. cngincl.'ring. law, economics. (111 Scenarios for the t'll should h!: cmphusizcd that 1hc lint!s on this map an.: inJic;.ltiYt! nnly. as some houmlarics nrc disputed. n111rinc Sl:icnt:c:->, gcn-inli.nmatit:s, politics. cculugy. cpillcmiology. inlcmational relations, lllt!(.liatlitcmtun..·. inlimnatiun management and cummunicatilln. and mctcurolugy. -24-