20 50 Phil. 998 (1927). 21 Id. at 114. 22 G.R. No. 143468-71, January 24, 2003, 396 SCRA 62, 94-95. Feria & Gregorio, Comments on the Revised Penal Code, First Edition (1958), Central Book Supply, Inc., Manila, p. 29., to wit: An act is defined as any bodily movement or a process whereby an individual puts his organism into motion. In order to produce some change or effect in the external world, it being unnecessary that the same be actually produced as the possibility of its production is sufficient. Mere thoughts and ideas, no matter how immoral or heinous they may be, cannot constitute a felony because the act must be external, and internal acts are beyond the sphere of criminal law. 23 24 Id. at 78-79. 25 cralaw red G.R. No. 180914, November 24, 2010, 636 SCRA 134, 158. Article 338 of the Revised Penal Code defines simple seduction as the seduction of a woman who is single or a widow of good reputation, over twelve but under eighteen years of age, committed by means of deceit. 26 27People v. Lizada, supra note 22 at 95. I Feria & Gregorio, supra note 23, at 78-79, which opines that equivocal preparatory acts remain unpunished unless the Revised Penal Code penalizes them (e.g., conspiracy and proposal to commit a felony in certain cases (Article 8, Revised Penal Code); mere possession with intent to use of instruments or implements adaptable for the commission of counterfeiting (Article 176, paragraph 2, Revised Penal Code); and possession of picklocks or similar tools adapted to the commission of robbery (Article 304, Revised Penal Code). 28 29People v. Mendoza, G.R. Nos. 152589 and 152758, January 31, 2005, 450 SCRA 328, 30People v. Jalosjos, supra, note 17. 333. 31People v. Dadulla, G.R. No. 172321, February 9, 2011, 642 SCRA 432, 443; citing People v. Collado, G.R. Nos. 135667-70, March 1, 2001, 353 SCRA 381,392. 32People v. Lizada, supra note 22 at 93. 33 Id. at 94. 34 G.R. Nos. 110817-22, June 13,1997, 273 SCRA 384 401 35 Id. 36 Article 2217, Civil Code.