Memorandum for the Petitioners | 51 described “the effects of climate on agriculture,” as well as “potentially catastrophic events” including direct impacts, such as the melting of the Antarctic ice cap causing “a rise in sea level on the order of 5 meters”!®? and indirect impacts, such as potentially significant “stress associated with climate related famine or migration.”?” 5.73. As the fossil fuel industry acquired sophisticated scientific knowledge of climate change, including the role of fossil fuel products and the dire impacts on people and ecosystems, there were many opportunities for respondents to be part of the solution. But instead of using the scientific knowledge gained over the previous decade to shift the world away from the use of fossil fuels, some of the respondent Carbon Majors carefully presented information to the public so as to protect their social license and maximize profit in a climate-changed world. 2. In 1984, respondent Shell had the ability to measure the company’s contribution to climate change, and for a brief moment in history, it started to inform the public about the deadly and devastating consequences of climate change 5.74. Like respondent ExxonMobils’s internal report in 1982, respondent Shell’s confidential 1988 “Greenhouse Effect” report, unearthed by a Dutch journalist Jehmer Mommers of De Correspondent, shows that the company was well aware of the potential catastrophic impacts and negative social and economic consequences of climate change, including that “[IJarge low-lying areas could be inundated (e.g. Bangladesh),” “shifts in ranges and migration patterns,” and “acidification of seawater.””°! The company’s list of potential costly damages from climate change goes on and on, and many of the impacts outlined in that report are already being experienced by Filipinos today. 5.75. Respondent Shell knew that it had a specific responsibility for these impacts. In the same report, the company calculated the CO2 emissions from oil, gas, and coal sold by the Shell Group of companies -- ie. all Shell entities -- and found that, in 1984, Shell was responsible for 4% of the CO2 emitted worldwide from fossil fuel combustion.2° http://insideclimatenews.org/sites/default/files/documents/1982%20Exxon%20Primer%200n%20C02%20 Greenhouse’%20Effect.pdf (last accessed on 12 September 2019). 199 Id, pp. 12-13. 200 Id, p. 14. 20} See Exhibit “NNN” to “NNN-45, Shell Greenhouse Effect Working Group (1988), The Greenhouse Effect, Prepared for Shell Environmental Conservation Committee, pp. 26-28. 202 Id, p. 57.