ANNEX I. >> M  etadata sheets on selected indicators because of (i) the absence of justification/legality for the eviction and (ii) the way the eviction is carried out. Not all evictions are prohibited under human rights law. In some cases, for example when evictions are carried out to protect residents living in derelict buildings or disaster-prone areas, they may be unavoidable and even protective of human rights. Yet, even in such situations, the evictions should be carried out in line with relevant international standards. An eviction may be ruled legal under national law but still considered illegal under international law. This could happen when national laws are not in line with international laws and do not meet international standards. Some basic principles that need to be met are: (i) valid justification for the project and no other alternatives to the eviction; (ii) consultation and participation of affected people and communities; (iii) adequate notification, due process, effective and legal recourse; (iv) prohibition of actions resulting in homelessness or deterioration of the housing and living conditions; and (v) provision of adequate relocation and/or adequate compensation before evictions are carried out. Women, children, youth, older persons, indigenous people, ethnic and other minorities, and other vulnerable individuals and groups all suffer disproportionately from the practice of forced eviction. Women in all groups are especially vulnerable given the extent of statutory and other forms of discrimination which often apply in relation to property rights (including homeownership) or rights of access to property or accommodation, and their particular vulnerability to violence and sexual abuse when they are rendered homeless. The non‑discrimination provisions of articles 2 (2) and 3 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights impose an additional obligation upon Governments to ensure that, where evictions do occur, appropriate measures are taken to ensure that no form of discrimination is involved. The United Nations Special Rapporteur on adequate housing has drawn up basic principles and guidelines on development-based evictions and displacement (A/HRC/4/18, annex I). Some institutions, such as the World Bank and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have also adopted guidelines on relocation and/or resettlement with a view to limiting the scale of forced evictions and the human suffering associated with it. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights also recognizes legal security of tenure under its general comment No. 4 (1991) on the right to adequate housing: “Notwithstanding the type of tenure, all persons should possess a degree of security of tenure which guarantees legal protection against forced eviction, harassment and other threats”. The following have references relevant to the indicator: Universal Declaration of Human Rights, art. 25; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, art. 11; International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, art. 5; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, art. 14; Convention on the Rights of the Child, art. 27; International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, art. 43; and Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, art. 28. Indicator 14 Conviction rates for indigent defendants provided with legal representation as a proportion of conviction rates for defendants with lawyers of their own choice [e.g., table on the right to fair trial] Definition  The indicator measures the ratio of the conviction rate of defendants who were provided with free legal representation to that of defendants who had legal counsel of their own choice for the same crime in the reporting period. Although a separate indicator could be used for the two conviction rates, a ratio of the two is more useful. Human Rights Indicators 161

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